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参考文献方面有关论文范文例文,与整篇文翻译武汉相关发表论文
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source.Iftheauthor'snameisgivenintheintroductorystatementtothequotation,onlythepagenumberisgiveninparenthesesattheend.FootnotesarenotusedforthispurposeinthemodernMLAstyle.(MLA一般不用脚注)TheWorksCitedpagecontainsthefullnameoftheauthor,thetitleofthebook,etc.Intersitesfrequentlydonothavepagenumbers,sothatonlythenameoftheauthororwebsiteisgiveninparentheses.Footnotesareusedsparingly,andonlytogiveadditionalinformationnotsuitabletoincludeinthetext.](JuliaDiterman)Ⅰ.MLA格式文内摘录一般用括号加注法:
1.括号内(作者姓氏+引文页码),如果引文中已经给出作者姓名,只需括号加注内页码即可.例如:
e.gInstudyingtheinfluenceofLatinAmerican,AfricanandAsianmusiconmodernAmericanposers,musichistorianstendtodiscusssuchfiguresasAaronCopland,GeeGershwin,HenryCowell,AlanHovhaness,andJohnCage(Brindle,Griffiths104-39,Hitchcock173-98这里同时引用不同作者的多篇文献)
e.gBrianTavessuggestssomeinterestingconclusionsregardingphilosophyandpoliticsoftheadventurefilm(153-54,171).
e.gHerideaisfurtherconfirmedthat"peoplethinkheroddandthatnobodylovesandadmiresher"(Fountain33).
e.gHerideaisfurtherconfirmedthat"peoplethinkheroddandthatnobodylovesandadmiresher(Fountain33)."(不规范)Herideaisfurtherconfirmedthat"peoplethinkheroddandthatnobodylovesandadmiresher(Fountain33)."(不规范)
(S.R.Wang26)(J.X.Wang30)
3.两个作者时可以用&,连接,两个以上时可用,隔开.如:
e.gAccordingtoeducationalpsychologists,raisingchildrenisaresponsibilityoftheentiremunity(Franklin,Childs,&,Smith410).
4.引用团体作者的作品,括号夹注中应使用团体的名称,如:
e.gItwasapparentthattheAmericanhealthcaresystemneeded"tobefixedandperhapsradicallymodified"(PublicAgendaFoundation4).
5.引用无作者文献:引用无作者文献,如果文献标题没有出现在正文里,则括号夹注中应使用该标题或者(如果标题过长的话)使用该标题中的关 键 词组,如:
e.gAnanonymousWordsworthcriticoncearguedthathispoemsweretooemotional("WordsworthIsALoser"100).
6.引用非直接文献(indirectsource)论文应尽可能避免使用非直接文献(即二级文献secondarysource),但在无法找到直接文献(即一级文献primarysource)的情况下,引文可以从非直接文献中析出,例如:
e.gSamuelJohnsonadmittedthatEdmundBurkewasan"extraordinaryman"(qtd.inBoswell2:450).
Ⅱ引用整篇文献(即全书或全文)观点时有两种情况:一种是作者的姓氏在正文中没有出现,如:
(摘自:复旦大学英语语言专业学位论文规范)
e.gCharlottesandEmilyBrontewerepolaropposites,notonlyintheirpersonalitiesbutintheirsourcesofinspirationforwriting(Taylor).
另一种情况是作者的姓氏已在正文同一句中出现,按MLA的规范不需要使用括号夹注,如:
e.gTaylorclaimsthatCharlotteandEmilyBrontewerepolaropposites,notonlyintheirpersonalitiesbutintheirsourcesofinspirationforwriting.
Ⅲ超过四行的文内摘引语,另起一段,首行在原文基础上再缩进五个字符.行间距按1.5倍打印.
Lengthyquotedpassages(morethanfourlines)aresingle-spacedandindentedfromtheleftmargin.(sometimefrombothmargins)fivepaces.Thefirstlineisindentedanadditionalfivespaceswhenitmarksthebeginningofaparagraph.
Ⅳ把句号或逗号放在引号内(Placetheperiodandthemawithinthequotationmarks:)
E.g."Jenny,"hesaid,"let'shavelunch."
也有例外:e.g.Theauthorstates:"Timealonerevealsthejust(471)".
当摘引用于强调事件本身时,破折号—,问号和感叹号！一般置于引号内,当用于强调整个句子时,置于引号外.例如:
e.gGordonanswered,"Noway！"
e.gStopwhistling"AllDoisDreamofyou"！
第二部分:参考文献着录WorkscitedorBibliography
MLA格式(DocumentingListofSources:MLAStyle)
正文引用文献须按MLA要求,着录在WorksCited或者Bibliography之下,在正文最后一章结束后另页开始,页码与正文相连.文献着录必须按作者姓氏的字母顺序排列,不得以正文中出现的先后编码排序,不得使用阿拉伯数字.每一条目中的各项内容都必须按MLA规定的次序和格式编排.
参考文献的字体与正文相同,条目间距为1.5倍行间距,另行缩进5个字符间距.
Ⅰ.每个参考文献一般有三个部分组成,依次是:作者姓,逗号,名,黑点,书名(斜体,如有副标题加冒号,文章名用引号),黑点,出版地,冒号,出版商,出版年.
e.gFeldman,PaulaR.ed.BritishWomenPoetsoftheRomanticEra.Baltimore:JohnsHopkinsUP,1997.
(Note:InaMLAstyle,alwaysgivetheauthor'snameasitappearsonthetitlepage.Neverabbreviateanamegiveninfull.Onlyuseinitialsifthetitlepagedoes.以书名上所给名字为准)
Borroff,Marie.trans.SirGawainandtheGreenKnight.NewYork:Norton,1967.
Eggins,Suzanne,andDianeSlade.AnalyzingCasualConversation.London:Cassell,1997.(Note:Reversethefirstauthor'snameonly,当有两个作者是,只把第一位作者的姓,名倒置)
Brownell,HiramH.,andHeatherH.Potter."InferenceDeficitsinRight-BrainDamagedPatients."BrainandLanguage27(1986):310-21.
Gilman,Sander,etal.(两个以上作者)HysteriabeyondFreund.Berkeley:UniversityofCaliforniaPress,1993.(Note:Whentherearemorethanthreenames,nameonlythefirstandaddetal.,orgiveallnamesinfullintheorderinwhichtheyappearonthetilepage.)
Ⅱ引用各类文献中的文章
1.书评,影评,电视节目评论等(Review)Kidd,John."TheScandalofUlysses."Rev.ofUlysses:TheCorrectedText,byHansWalterGabler.NewYorkReviewofBooks30June1988:32-39.
2.收集在书籍中的文章(Selectionfromaneditedbook)
Glover,David."TheStuffThatDreamsAreMadeOf:Masculinity,Femininity,andtheThriller."Gender,GenreandNarrativePleasure.Ed.DerekLonghurst.London:UnwinHyman,1989.67-83.
3.杂志中
参考文献方面有关论文范文例文,与整篇文翻译武汉相关发表论文参考文献资料：