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2016考研英语二真题及答案解析(新东方在线版)
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)
Giventheadvantagesofelectronicmoney,youmightthinkthatwewouldmovequicklytothecashlesssocietyinwhichallpaymentsaremadeelectronically.1atruecashlesssocietyisprobablynotaroundthecorner.Indeed,predictionshavebeen2fortwodecadesbuthavenotyetetofruition.Forexample,BusinessWeekpredictedin1975thatelectronicmeansofpaymentwouldsoon"revolutionizethevery3ofmoneyitself,"onlyto4itselfseveralyearslater.Whyhasthemovementtoacashlesssocietybeenso5ining
Althoughelectronicmeansofpaymentmaybemoreefficientthanapaymentssystembasedonpaper,severalfactorswork6thedisappearanceofthepapersystem.First,itisvery7tosetuptheputer,cardreader,andtelecornmunicationsworksnecessarytomakeelectronicmoneythe8formofpaymentSecond,papercheckshavetheadvantagethatthey9receipts,somethingthatmanyconsumersareunwillingto10.Third,theuseofpaperchecksgivesconsumersseveraldaysof"float"-ittakesseveraldays11acheckiscashedandfundsare12fromtheissuer'saccount,whichmeansthatthewriterofthecheckcancaminterestonthefundsinthemeantime.13electronicpaymentsarcimmediate,theyeliminatethefloatfortheconsumer.
Fourth,electronicmeansofpaymentmay14securityandprivacyconcerns.Weoftenhearmediareportsthatanunauthorizedhackerhasbeenabletoaccessaputerdatabaseandtoalterinformation15there.Thefactthatthisisnotan16occurrencemeansthatdishonestpersonsmightbeabletoaccessbankaccountsinelectronicpaymentssystemsand17fromsomeoneelse'saccounts.The18ofthistypeoffraudisnoeasytask,andanewfieldofputerscienceisdevelopingto19securityissues.Afurtherconcernisthattheuseofelectronicmeansofpaymentleavesanelectronic20thatcontainsalargeamountofpersonaldata.Thereareconcernsthatgovernment,employers,andmarketersmightbeabletoaccessthesedata,therebyviolatingourprivacy.
1.[A]However[B]Moreover[C]Therefore[D]Otherwise
2.[A]off[B]back[C]over[D]around
3.[A]power[B]concept[C]history[D]role
4.[A]reward[B]resist[C]resume[D]reverse
5.[A]silent[B]sudden[C]slow[D]steady
6.[A]for[B]against[C]with[D]on
7.[A]imaginative[B]expensive[C]sensitive[D]productive
8.[A]similar[B]original[C]temporary[D]dominant
9.[A]collect[B]provide[C]copy[D]print
10.[A]giveup[B]takeover[C]bringback[D]passdown
11.[A]before[B]after[C]since[D]when
12.[A]kept[B]borrowed[C]released[D]withdrawn
13.[A]Unless[B]Until[C]Because[D]Though
14.[A]hide[B]express[C]raise[D]ease
15.[A]analyzed[B]shared[C]stored[D]displayed
16.[A]unsafe[B]unnatural[C]unmon[D]unclear
17.[A]steal[B]choose[C]benefit[D]return
18.[A]consideration[B]prevention
[C]manipulation[D]justification
19.[A]copewith[B]fightagainst[C]adaptto[D]callfor
20.[A]chunk[B]chip[C]path[D]trail
SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
Text1
Inanessayentitled"MakingItinAmerica",theauthorAdamDavidsonrelatesajokefromcottonaboutjusthowmuchamoderntextilemillhasbeenautomated:Theaveragemillonlytwoemployeestoday,"amanandadog.Themanistheretofeedthedogistheretokeepthemanawayfromthemachines."
Davidson'sarticleisoneofanumberofpiecesthathaverecentlyappearedmakingthepointthatthereasonwehavesuchstubbornlyhighunemploymentanddecliningmiddle-classinestodayisalsobecauseoftheadvancesinbothglobalizationandtheinformationtechnologyrevolution,whicharemorerapidlythaneverreplacinglaborwithmachinesorforeignworker.
Inthepast,workerswithaverageskills,doinganaveragejob,couldearnanaveragelifestyle,But,today,averageisofficiallyover.Beingaveragejustwon'tearnyouwhatitusedto.Itcan'twhensomanymoreemployershavesomuchmoreaccesstosomuchmoreaboveaveragecheapforeignlabor,cheaprobotics,cheapsoftware,cheapautomationandcheapgenius.Therefore,everyoneneedstofindtheirextra-theiruniquevaluecontributionthatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment.
Yes,newtechnologyhasbeeneatingjobsforever,andalwayswill.Butthere'sbeenanacceleration.AsDavidsonnotes,"Inthe10yearsendingin2016,[U.S.]factoriesshedworkerssofastthattheyerasedalmostallthegainsoftheprevious70years,roughlyoneoutofeverythreemanufacturingjobs-ab
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